Pump for granular paste-like materials such as concrete



3', 4- P. A. R. FRANK 1,977,941

fUIP FOR GRANULAR PASTE LIKE MATERiALS SUCH AS CONGRETE Filed Dec. 51, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 0a. 23, 1934. R A R F N 1,977,941

PUMP FOR GRANULAR PASTE LIKE MATERIALS SUCH AS CONCRETE Filed Dec. 31, 1931 I 4 sheetsv-she'et 2 fad/1377421216 Oct. 23, 1934. P. A. R. FRANK I 1 Full FOR GRANULAR PASTE LIKE MATERIALS SUCH AS CONCRETE Filed Dec. 51, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 P. A R. FRANK Oct. 23, 1934.

PUMP FOR GRANULAR PASTE LIKE MATERIALS SUCH AS CONCRETE 4 Shee ts-She t 4 Filed Dec. 51-, 1951'v Patented Oct. 23, 1934 PATENT OFFICE PUMPIFOR GRANULAR PASTE-LIKE MATE? ams soon as ooncan'rn Paul August ltei'nmund Frank, Hamburg, Germany Application December 31. 1931, Serial No. 584,303

- In Germany January 2. 1831 10 Claims. (01. 103 -163) pump-valves or the like are used as well as inthat all parts of the pump are so constructed in special consideration of the composition of the material consisting of a mixture of paste and lumps which has to be pumped that smaller or larger particles contained in the paste cannot obstruct the moving elements of said pumps while said elements are performing their motion. According to the invention, during the idle stroke, apertures which are provided in a hollowcylindrical carrier surrounding the piston of the pump and: partially movable together with that piston are put in communication for a predetermined space of time with the pressure chamber of the pump. The material passes through these openings into the pressure chamber when the piston is withdrawn from the pressure'chamber.

' After the piston is withdrawn from the pressure chamber the cylinder carrying the apertures is displaced to position theapertures outside the pressure chamber where they are closed by the piston. Beneath the pressure chamber a slide plate or the like is provided which during the idle stroke of the piston and of the apertured carrier closes the pressure chamber, is opened during the working stroke and again closes the pressure chamber after completion of the working stroke. Preferably a container is provided which serves to receive a quantity of the material which is .to be pumped, which quantity is maintained constant, the conduit through which the material is pumped being connected with the chamber by a socket constituting the pressure chamber of the pump and surrounding in part both the piston and the apertured hollow cylinder carrier. The slide plate disposed beneath the pressure chamber is preferably so arranged that '50 when it is closed on the completion of the working stroke it passes close to vthe lower surface of the working piston and to the lower edge of the hollow cylinder surrounding the piston so that it separates the pumped material from the hottom of the piston and from the end of the tube and again closes the pressure chamber of the pump. In this arrangement of the slide plate its motion cannot be obstructed by larger particles present in the material. The motions of the piston, of the hollow cylinder surrounding the same and of the slide plate are preferably derived automatically and positively from a control device such as a cam disc for example.

One embodiment of the invention is shown partly in schematic representation in the accompanying drawings which show by way of example a pump with a vertically reciprocating piston.

Fig. 1 shows a partial section of the arrangement in initial position.

Figs. 2 to 8 show variouspositions of the moving parts (i. e., the piston of the pump, the hollow cylinder surrounding the piston and the slide plate) during a complete cycle, comprising idle stroke and working stroke, of the arrangement of Fig. 1. p

Fig. 2 shows the piston in somewhat raised position Fig. 3 shows the piston in a more raised position Fig. 4 shows a third raised position of the piston Fig. 5 shows a still more raised position of the piston in which the hollow cylinder is also raised.

Fig. 6 shows a lower position of the piston with the hollow cylinder still raised.

Fig. 7 shows a lower position of the piston and of the hollow cylinder with the slide plate in the open position,

Fig. 8 shows the end position of the piston and hollow cylinder with slide plate still in the open position,

Fig. 9 shows an arrangement with 'two pump units one of which is shown in section andthe other in elevation as seen in a direction at right angles to the remaining figures.

A shaft C is joumalled in bearings D and E at the top of a framework A (Figs. 1 and 9). A driving pulley F is secured on the free end of the shaft 2. Further a container a is disposed within the frame A and contains the granular paste like material B containing larger particles which is to be pumped,'for example the concrete. The quantity of concrete in the container a is maintained constant by known means so that it always fills 'the container to the same level; At the bottom of the container is provided a. pipe socket b which surrounds thepressure chamber G of the pump. A hollow cylinder 0 fitting the pipe socket b projects into the pressure chamber of the pump and surrounds the piston d of the pump. At the bottom, the pressure chamber G of the pump is closed I veyed is attached beneath the slide plate.

The hollow cylinder 0 'is provided with peripheral slot shaped apertures c the lower edges of which are disposed'atthe level of the bottom of the container 1; in the starting position of Fig. 1.

An eccentric or cam disc 0 is mounted on the shaft C and rotates therewith. It is provided with cam grooves d, c, e in which run corresponding rollers d c=,.e The roller (1 is connected with the piston 'g which is movable up and down. The roller c is mounted on the hollow'cylihdrical carrier of the apertures c which is also movable up and down. The roller 0 is carried on a lever e which at its lower end is connected with the laterally movable slideplate e. The lever e is pivoted to the frame A at e. I

The frame carries a guide H which guides the hollow cylinder c during its longitudinal displace- .ment. The guide H is connected to the frame by means of anarmIandaclampKorthe like.

The piston d is preferably constructed as a hollow piston. It may be provided at the bottom with an air valve which opens only when thepiston is executing an upward motion.

Themotions of the piston d, the hollow cylindrical carrier 0 of the openings 0 and the slide plate e are executed automatically and positively during the rotation of the cam disc 17.

Fig.1 shows the starting position in which the valve e is cltsed; the piston d and the hollow cylinder c are in their lowest positions and are in, contact or almost in contact with the slide plate e. In Fig. 2, in consequence of the rotation of .the cam disc 0, the piston has been raised somewhat after the pump has been set in operation. A vacuum of greater or les degree is formed between the bottom of the piston d and the slide plate e, i. e., in the-pressure chamber G of the pump; when in itsfurther upward motion, as shown in Fig. 3, the piston d is raised to such an extent that its lower edge is above the lower edge of the apertures c in the hollow cylinder c, then the concrete begins to flow in through the apertures c into the pressure chamber G of the pump.

' This flow attains its full magnitude as soonas the lower edge of the piston has completely cleared the apertures c 'as shown in Fig. 4. The material passing into the pressure chamber G of the pump or into the interior of the hollow cylinder c continues to flow into this space until the material inside the pump stands at the same level as it does outside in the container a (Fig. 5).

Immediately before this. inconsequence of the shape of the corresponding cam, the hollow cylin- 'dercisalsoliftedtosuchanextentthatthelower edges of the apertures e are above the. surface of the material (Figl 5). The lower edge of the hollow cylinder c-is then-about at the level of the bottom of the container 0. The pipe socket b surrounding the pressure chamber G of the I Pump and the hollow cylinder c are now filled up to a level corresponding to the surface of the con-- crete mix B with-the material which is to be pumped. The pressure chamber of the pump is still closed by the slide plate 0.

In the further rotation of the cam disc 9 the piston d is moved downwardly and in the first place clom the apertures c (Fig. 8) and compressestheair whichisabovethcmaterialinthehollow cylinder 0. In this way an air cushion serving as a buffer is obtained which prevents the reaction of too heavy a pressure on the gearing. Alternatively resilient devices could be provided in the drive of the piston d.

After the apertures c are closed, the slide plate e is moved into the open position in consequence of the. configuration-of the corresponding cam c. The materialto be pumped is then forced into the conduit /'by the continued downward motion of the piston a. Piston d and hollow cylinder 0 move downwardly together (Pig. 7) until they have attained the lowermost position '(Fig. 8) which "corresponds to the starting position of Fig. 1. In

consequence of the shape of the cams they remain in this position for a period until'the slide plate c has again moved into the closed position.

This closure can be effected without encounteringtoogreataresistanceduetopartlcles which may be present in the material because the slide member closely adjacent to the lower surface of the piston and lower edge of the hollow cylinder and thus the pumped material from the bottom of the pump piston and from the edge of the cylinder. The working operation consisting of idle stroke and working stroke can then be repeated.

The double arrt of Fig. 9 is differentiated from the simpler arrangement of the remainingflguresonlymthatalargercontainera is provided from which two pumps of the kind described are suppliedwiththematerialwhichis to be pumped.

The particular advantage of pumps according to the present invention resides in that mixes of every kind can be pumped, in particular all kinds of concrete mixes such as are used for reinforced concrete constructions. It is completely impossible for the feed path within the pump to be blocked.

Means otherthanthecamdisccouldbeusedfor occasioning the automatic motions of the piston, hollow cylinder and slide plate; for example connecting links, grooved rollers,'friction discs or the like could be used.

I claim:

1. A pump for lumpy paste-like materials. comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable into and partly out of said presure chamber, a cylindrical member surrounding said piston and likewise movable into and partly out of said pressure chamber, said cylindrical member also being movable partially together with said piston, said cylindrical member having apertures therein in connection with said pressure chamber for the materialinto the pressure chamber-when said piston is withdrawn tran said chamber, said pis ton closing said apertures to break connection with said pressure chamber, a pipe line connected tosaidpressureehsmbazandmovablemeans adiacenttbeendsotsa'idpistonandsaidcylindrical member when in their extreme position,

for moving transversely tberescross and coming between them and-thematerialin thepipeline for closing said pipe line against said pressure chamber. 7

2. A pump for lumpy paste-like materials, comprisingapressm'echamber,'ahollowcylinder movablcintoandpartlyoutofsaidps'elne' afiord apassage for said material into said pressure chamber, a pipe line connected to said pressure chamber, and movable means adjacent the ends of said piston and said cylindrical member when in their extreme position, for moving transversely thereacross and coming between them and the material in the pipe line for closing said pipe line against said pressure chamber.

3. A pump for lumpy paste-like materials, comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable into and partly out of said pressure chamber, a cylndrical member surrounding said piston and likewise movable into and partly out 'of said pressure chamber, said cylindrical member also being movable partially together with said piston, said cylindrical member having apertures therein for connection with said pressure chamber for passing the material into the pressure chamber when said piston is withdrawn from saidichamber, said apertures being adapted to be closed by said piston to break the connection with said pressure chamber, a pipe line connected to said pressure chamber, and a slide plate adjacent the ends of said piston and said cylindrical member when in their extreme position, for moving transversely thereacross and coming betweenthem and the material in the pipe line for closing the pressure chamber against said pipe line during the idle stroke of said piston and of said cylindrical member, said slide plate being open during the working stroke of the piston to connect said pressure chamber with said pipe line and being closed after completion of the working stroke of said piston.

4. A pump for lumpy pa te-like materials, comprising a. pressure chamber, a piston movable into and partly out of said pressure chamber, a cylindrical member surrounding said piston and likewise movable into andpartly out of said pressure chamber, said cylindrical member also being movable partially together with said piston, said cylindrical member having apertures therein for connection with said pressure chamber for passing the material into the pressure chamber when said piston is withdrawn from said chamber, said apertures being adapted to be closed by said piston to break the connection with said pressure chamber, a pipe line connected to said pressure chamber, a slide plate adjacent the ends of said piston and said cylindrical member when in their extreme position, for moving transversely thereacross and coming between them and the material in the pipe line for closing the pressure chamber against said pipe line during the idle stroke of said piston and of said cylindrical member, said slide plate being open during the working stroke or the piston to connect said pressure chamber with said pipe line and being closed after completion oi. the working stroke of said piston, and a container for holding a quantity or the material, said pressure chamber constituting a nipple connecting said container with said pipe line, said container partially surrounding the cylindrical member adjacent the apertures thereof, to pass material to said pressure chamber when the apertures are open thereto.

. 5. A pump for lumpy P ste-like materials, comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable into and. partly out of said pressure chamber, a cylindrical member surrounding said piston and likewise movable into and partly out of. said therein for connection with said pressure chamher for passing the material into the pressure chamber when said piston is withdrawnfrom,

said chamber, said apertures being adapted to be closed by said piston to break the connection with said pressure chamber, a pipe line connected to said pressure chamber, and a slide plate for closing the pressure chamber against said pipe line during the idle stroke of said piston and of said cylindrical member, said slide plate being open during-the working stroke 01' the piston to connect said pressure chamber with said pipe line and being closed after completion of the working stroke of said piston, said slide plate being disposed beneath said pressure chamber and passing closely adjacent the lower edge of the piston and the surrounding cylindrical member, said slide plate being adapted upon the closing movement to separate the pumped material from the bottom or said piston and from the end of said cylindrical member.

6. A pump. for lumpy paste-like materials, comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable into and partly out of said pressure chamber, a cylindrical member surrounding said piston and likewise movable into and partly out or said pressure chamber, said cylindrical member fursaid piston, said cylindrical member having apertures therein for connection with said pressure chamber for passing the material into the pressure chamber when said piston is withdrawn from said chamber, said apertures being adapted to be closed by said piston to break the connection with said pressure chamber, a pipeline connected to said pressure chamber, a slide plate for closing the pressure chamber against said pipe line during the idle stroke of said piston and of said cylindrical member, said slide plate being open during the working stroke 01' the piston to connect said pressure chamber with said pipe line and being closed after completion of the working stroke of said piston, a container for the material to be pumped, said pressure chamber comprising a socket connecting said container with said pipe line, said container partially surrounding the cylindrical member adjacent the aper-' tures therein, said slide plate being disposed beneath'said socket and passing closely adjacent the lower edge of said piston and the surrounding cylindrical member when in their lowermost poconnection with said pressure chamber for pass-. a

ing the material into the pressure chamber when said piston is withdrawn from said chamber, said apertures being adapted to be closed by said piston to break the connection with said pressure chamber, a pipe line connected to said pressure chamber, a slide plate for closing the pressure chamber against said pipe line during the idle stroke of said piston and of said cylindrical member, said slide plate being open during the Working stroke 01' the piston to connect said pressure chamber with said pipe line and being ber, and a controlling device adapted to control the motions of said piston, said surrounding cylindrical member when in their lowermost position and said slide plate in a positive and automatic manner.

8. A pump for lumpy, paste-like materials,

comprising a piston, a hollow cylindrical carrier surroundingsaid piston and movable in part together therewith, a pressure chamber, the said carrier having apertures therein for connection with the said pressure chamber, the piston extending through said cylindrical carrier into said pressure chamber and being movable into and partially away from said pressure chamber so that when it is partially withdrawn therefrom, the material passes into the pressure chamber through the apertures, the apertures bein closed by movement of the cylindrical carrier outwardly of the pressure chamber, a slide plate, a pipe line, and means for moving said slide plate to maintain the pressure chamber closed during the upward movement of the piston and the cylindrical carrier and to maintain the pressure chamber open into communication with said pipe during the downward stroke of the piston, the slide plate, when closing the pipe, being movable closely adjacent the lower edge of the piston and cylinder, thus shearing the pumped material from the bottom of the piston and the end of the cylinder, and closing the pressure chamber of the pump.

9. A pump for lumpy, paste-like materials, comprising a container for the material, a pressure chamber, a piston movablelin said pressure chamber, a cylindrical carrier surrounding said piston and extending through said container, and likewise movable in said pressure chamber, the said cylindrical member having means therein adapted to connect the container with the pressure chamber, a pipe line adapted to connect the said pressure chamber, a plate slidable transversely across the junction between said pressure chamber and said pipe, and a single means for actuating said piston, said cylindrical member and said plate, the said means moving said slide to close the pipe only when it has brought the piston and the cylindrical member to a position with their bottommost edges substantially into contact with the surface of said plate.

10. A pump for lumpy, paste-like materials, comprising a container for the material, a pressure chamber, a cylindrical member extending through saidcontainer and slidable in said pressure chamber, and having apertures therein adapted to connect the container with the pressure chamber, a piston extending through said cylindrical member into said pressure chamber, and adapted to first open said apertures to fill the pressure chamber and to thereafter seal said apertures and to expel the material in said pressure chamber, a pipe communicating with said pressure chamber, a plate slidable transversely across said pipe to seal it against said pressure chamber and a cam common to said piston, said cylindrical member and said plate for automatically actuating the same, and for moving said plate into its closed position only when both the piston and the cylindrical member have their lowermost edges adjacent the surface thereof, so that the plate exercises a shearing action on the pumped material adhering to the surface of the piston and the cylindrical member.

n PAUL AUGUST REINMUND FRANK. 

